Dům čp. 185 House

Dům U Zlatého slunce, located at Mírové náměstí čp. 185 in Kadaň, is one of the oldest townhouses on the Old Town Square. Originally reconstructed in a late Gothic style after a major fire in 1498, it was later transformed into Renaissance architecture between 1580 and 1600. The house features a grand sandstone portal with the mason's mark LW, linking it to other notable works of the period. Over time, it has served various functions including a brewery, inn, pharmacy, and now houses a museum.

The origins of Dům U Zlatého slunce trace back to its reconstruction in late Gothic style following a devastating fire in 1498. This event marked a significant turning point for the building, necessitating a complete overhaul that introduced new architectural elements reflective of the period's stylistic preferences. The house later underwent a transformation into Renaissance architecture between 1580 and 1600, which included the addition of its grand sandstone portal bearing the mason's mark LW. This era in Bohemia was characterized by significant cultural and architectural development, influenced by the broader European revival of classical learning.

Architecturally, Dům U Zlatého slunce showcases a blend of late Gothic and Renaissance styles. The transition from one to the other is marked by the addition of the sandstone portal with the mason's mark LW during its renovation in the late 16th century. This portal not only signifies the architectural shift but also connects the house to other notable works, such as Krocínova kašna in Prague, which features a similar mason's mark. Beneath its current facade lies a sgrafitto decoration depicting hunting scenes, adding another layer of artistic interest to the building.

Throughout its history, Dům U Zlatého slunce has seen various owners and served multiple purposes. Hans Voyth owned it in 1526 before selling it to Hieronymus Clement. By 1540, it had passed into the hands of the Gesner family. A notable event occurred in 1569 when pražský arcibiskup Antonín Brus z Mohelnice visited Kadaň to resolve a marital dispute involving Anna Gesner, a widow from the Gesner family. The house also hosted a commission that met at the local Franciscan monastery, where they were provided with fresh fish, meat supplies, and Kadaňské pivo (Kadaň beer). By 1586, it housed both a brewery and distillery, reflecting its multifaceted role in the community. In 1726, Johann Michael and Maria Theresia Tschepperovi inherited the house along with all its brewing equipment and inn. Later, in 1809, Drechsler operated an inn named U Zlatého slunce, which gave the building its enduring name and emblem.

The history of Dům U Zlatého slunce is peppered with intriguing events and curiosities. The sandstone portal's mason's mark LW links it to other significant works from the same period, suggesting a shared craftsmanship or influence. Additionally, beneath the current facade lies a sgrafitto decoration depicting hunting scenes, adding an artistic dimension to its architectural history. A local legend suggests that the site once housed a courtyard belonging to the Knights Hospitaller, with remnants of this past visible in the form of a relief featuring an angel, believed to be from the original johanitský dvůr.

Today, Dům U Zlatého slunce serves as both a historical monument and a cultural venue. The building now houses a museum dedicated to witches, offering visitors a unique glimpse into local folklore and history. Its rich past, marked by architectural transformations and diverse uses, makes it an intriguing destination for those interested in exploring the layers of Kadaň's heritage. Visitors are invited to step back in time and experience the enduring legacy of this remarkable townhouse.