The Church of Saint Urban in Rybáře stands as the oldest preserved ecclesiastical building within Karlovy Vary. Notable for its late Gothic architecture and cultural significance, it was constructed after 1500 on a site that once housed an earlier church possibly dating back to the 10th century. This monument incorporates elements from its predecessor into its design. Its prominence was solidified in 1711 when Saint Urban was declared the patron saint of Karlovy Vary's springs.

Reflecting a period of architectural evolution during the late Gothic era in Bohemia, this epoch coincided with significant religious and cultural shifts across Europe, including the Protestant Reformation that began in 1517. Although specific details about its initial construction are sparse, it is known that the church was built on the site of an older structure, integrating some elements from this earlier building into the new design. This practice highlights a common medieval approach to utilizing existing materials and foundations.

Architecturally, the Church of Saint Urban underwent several transformations over the centuries. Initially constructed in the late Gothic style, it later saw modifications in the Empire style during the early 19th century. A significant renovation followed damage from a storm in 1820, with further comprehensive restoration occurring in 1879. The church features a polygonal chancel separated by a triumphal arch from the nave, which is almost square-shaped and flanked by two niches. An archaeological survey conducted in 1982 revealed that some Romanesque elements were incorporated into its structure, indicating an even older architectural influence.

Throughout its history, the Church of Saint Urban has experienced various phases of significance and transformation. In the early 20th century, plans for its demolition emerged after a new Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross was constructed in Rybáře. However, between 1938 and 1939, it was repurposed as a memorial to World War I victims. Following World War II, it served as a German National Liberation Memorial until 1948 when it became a Red Army Memorial. During its reconstruction starting in 2009, no remnants of these memorials were found.

The church's interior once housed notable artworks, including a Gothic wooden statue of Saint Urban from around 1500 and a Baroque wooden sculpture depicting the Rosary. These pieces contributed to the artistic heritage of the building before they disappeared during years of neglect following its conversion into various memorials.

Today, the Church of Saint Urban is undergoing restoration efforts led by the Association for the Rescue of the Church of St. Urban in Karlovy Vary, initiated in 2009. Although it has suffered from deterioration over time, these efforts aim to preserve and restore this historical monument. Visitors can appreciate its architectural evolution and cultural significance as a testament to the region's rich history.

The Church of Saint Urban offers a unique glimpse into the past, reflecting both religious devotion and historical transformations. Its restoration not only preserves an important piece of heritage but also invites visitors to explore the layers of history embedded within its walls. This monument is worth visiting for those interested in ecclesiastical architecture, cultural history, and the enduring legacy of Karlovy Vary's spiritual traditions.