The Church of Saint Lawrence in Vrchlabí is a Roman Catholic deanery church located at Náměstí Míru. Built between 1886 and 1889 by architect Stephan Tragl, it stands as a prominent Neo-Gothic structure on the site of an earlier Gothic church from the 14th century. This cultural monument is notable for its architectural style, which draws inspiration from Gothic cathedrals adapted to fit the confined space of the square.

The current Neo-Gothic church replaced a deteriorating Gothic structure that had been in place since the mid-14th century. The original church was consecrated to Saint Lawrence and underwent several transformations over the centuries, including Renaissance renovations and Baroque additions. By the late 19th century, local citizens found it inadequate for their growing community both in terms of size and style. Consequently, a decision was made to demolish the old structure in 1886.

During its construction, efforts were made to preserve parts of the original building, particularly the tower. A design competition was held, with proposals from three architects including Stephan Tragl, whose Neo-Gothic vision ultimately prevailed. His design incorporated the existing tower into a new layout featuring distinct Gothic elements such as pointed arches and ribbed vaults.

The cornerstone for the new church was laid on August 15th, 1886, during the Feast of the Assumption of Mary, with patroness Aloisie Czernin-Morzinová in attendance. The construction progressed steadily, with the main nave and façade completed by June 1889. On June 29th, 1889, coinciding with the feast day of Saints Peter and Paul, the church was consecrated by Královéhradecký biskup Dr. Josef Jan Hais.

Throughout its history, the Church of Saint Lawrence has faced challenges, particularly during the first half of the 20th century when shifts in population affected maintenance efforts. The socialist era saw further neglect, and minor thefts occurred in the late 20th century. However, restoration efforts began in the late 1990s, addressing issues such as a damaged wooden ceiling and replacing an unsightly lighting system with more aesthetically pleasing options.

Today, the Church of Saint Lawrence stands as a testament to Vrchlabí's rich architectural heritage. Its Neo-Gothic style continues to dominate the town square, offering visitors a glimpse into the historical and cultural evolution of the region. The church remains accessible to the public, inviting those interested in history and architecture to explore its storied past and appreciate its enduring beauty.