Komín s ochrannou zdí a památníkem obětem 2. světové války Monument
Komín s ochrannou zdí a památníkem obětem 2. světové války in HolýšovA, district Domažlice, is a cultural monument of the Czech Republic. This building connects industrial architecture from the beginning of the 20th century with military construction from the Second World War.
The area was originally built in 1897-1899 as a glass factory by Andreas Ziegler's Sohn for the production of cast mirror glass according to the design of architect Rudolf Štech. After the start of full operation in 1900 it became the largest glass cast glass glass in Austria-Hungary. The water for production was drawn from the Radbuza River and coal supplied from the mines Andreas, later from Zboch. Since 1926, Triplex or Neotriplex glass has been produced here.
The engine room chimney was built by Alphons Custodis from a brick wall in 1907. Originally it reached 65 metres, but in 1943 it was reduced to 19.50 metres and ended with a reinforced concrete cone roof, making it anti-aircraft observable at a total height of 22.10 metres. The object has eight above ground and one underground floor. The inner space consists of rooms with a diameter of 3,83 to 4,48 metres and a ceiling height between 2,21 and 2,34 metres; The last floor is 3.75 meters high. The interior preserved original equipment, including cabinets copying oval shape chimney. A 20-metre smoke channel served as an escape route and led to the first underground floor; there are observation holes in the shank with retracting caps and between the last floors lead steel foot. There's a wall around the chimney on a semi-circular plan.
The fate of the complex has been variable over the years. After the completion of the glassmaking production in 1934 it was bought by the West Bohemian consumer cooperative in Pilsen. In 1938, the Czechoslovak army used it to prepare materials to fortify the Pilsen line. Since 1939, the German arms group Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken AG owned it under the name Metallwerke Holleischen G.m.b.H., which produced air munitions here. Up to seven thousand employees worked in the race, including French prisoners of war and prisoners from the Flossenbürg concentration camp branch, established in 1944. After the war, the complex was operated by various businesses, such as Brno and Škoda Plzeň, until the end of 2009.
On April 26, 1945, a tragic event took place at the protective wall: Commander Werkschutz Gerhard Lichtenau shot three Italian prisoners - Oliver Parrazi, Lucion Enber and Traveti. The reason was the alleged theft of goods from damaged wagons at a nearby station. In the memory of these victims, a commemorative plaque was placed in 1948.
This monument is an important witness to the technical progress and tragic events of the 20th century and its visit offers a view of the history of industrial and military use of the region.
Then and now
Drag the slider to compare how the landmark may have looked when it was built with the view today.
Then
Now
The historical appearance on the left is an AI-generated visualisation and serves as inspiration only.
Historical milestones
- 1897-1899
- Construction of a glassworks for the production of cast glass
- 1900
- Start of full operation of the glassworks
- 1907
- Position of brick chimney for engine room
- 1926
- Start of manufacture of non-shattering glass
- 1934
- Completion of glass production and takeover of the premises by the cooperative
- 1943
- Decrease of chimney height and conversion to anti-aircraft tower
Architectural development
The chimney was built in 1907 for a glassworks that produced cast glass. In 1943 it was converted into an anti-aircraft observatory and reduced to a height of 19,50 m with a conical roof. It's built from a brick wall.
Historical events
- 1945
- The shooting of three Italian prisoners of war at the wall.
- 2016
- Declaration of chimney and wall protection for cultural monument.
Owners
- 1897-1934
- 1937
- 1938
- 1945-1947
- after 1947
Points of interest
- Komín s ochrannou zdí a památníkem obětem 2. světové války is a cultural monument of the Czech Republic. - Originally, the building was built as a glassworks for the production of cast mirror glass according to the design of architect Rudolf Štech. - The chimney was originally 65 metres high, but after modifications during World War II it reaches a total height of 22.10 metres and serves as an anti-aircraft observable. - In 1945, three Italian prisoners were shot at the protective wall by Commander Werkschutz Gerhard Lichtenau, leading to the location of the memorial plate in memory of the victims.
Guide
Show guide text
This text was created by artificial intelligence and has not been editorially reviewed. It may contain inaccuracies.
Welcome to Holýšov. You're standing right where the history of human progress meets the dark shadows of the last century. Before your eyes, this massive chimney, which is connected to the wall of protection and also to the memorial dedicated to the victims, stands. It may seem like a piece of old masonry to you at first glance, but believe me, every brick here tells the story of human effort, technological progress, and the tragedy that has hit our world. Feel this atmosphere, feel the silence that is now around you, and try to return in spirit to a time when this place was beating at the heart of great industrial traffic.
Imagine the late nineteenth century. It was a time of great change and great hope. It was at that time, in the years of a thousand eight hundred ninety-seven to a thousand eight hundred ninety-nine, that there was a place that meant the future. It was the glass factory of Andreas Ziegler's son. This whole space was designed according to plans by a competent architect who was Rudolf Štech. The goal was not just to build buildings, but to create a place for cutting-edge production to impress the world. And it really did. This glassworks specialized in the production of cast mirror glass. Imagine the work, the precision, the light and reflection work. Glass was a symbol of the modern world at the time, and this area was his heart. In the year a thousand nine hundred then the full operation was started and the place began to live with its own intense rhythm.
Now look straight up at the high chimney. He himself was not part of the original building of the glassworks but came a little later to serve the growing needs of this place. In the year one thousand and nine hundred and seven it was built for the engine room so that it could remove the smoke from the processes that were going on here. It was made of bricks, which gives it this firm and firm look that you see right now. At that time, at the time of its creation, it had a full height of 65 meters. It was a monumental pillar that clearly showed the power of human art and industrial progress. You can only imagine how the chimney dominated the whole neighborhood and how it was seen from far away as a symbol of prosperity.
Over the years, technology has been constantly evolving. In the year one thousand nine hundred twenty-six, for example, a new thing began to be produced here, which was completely revolutionary for the time being - non-shattering glass. Imagine the joy and wonder of people when they saw glass that doesn't break into thousands of sharp shards when it hits. It was safer and more modern. Later, in the year one thousand nine trăm thirty-four, the owners of the complex changed and the place was taken over by the cooperative. These were times of stability before history broke again sharply.
Once World War II came, the cheerful sound of glass machines was replaced by tension and fear. In the year one thousand nine hundred and forty-three, the fate of this place changed completely. The chimney was no longer just an industrial object that was used to make beautiful things. It's been converted into an anti-aircraft observatory. This means that his function has become part of defense and surveillance of danger coming from heaven. In order to fulfil this new, much more dangerous role, its height had to be adjusted, thus reduced. So what you see now is the result of this fundamental and painful transformation. The original 60-foot-high pillar became an object modified by the needs of war.
Now pay attention to the monument that stands here on the premises. It's a place that makes us think deeply. It's dedicated to the victims of World War II. It is a reminder of all those people whose lives have been interrupted in these difficult times. He stands here as a silent guardian of memory so that the tragedy of the past does not repeat itself. If you look at him, don't just look at him, but try to feel the respect and the sadness that comes with him. It is a reminder of what humanity can experience when the path to peace is lost.
Note also the protective wall that surrounds this space. She, too, is part of this historical whole and helps us define the line between what is the historical heritage and what is the modern world around us. The whole area, including the chimney, wall and monument, has enormous value. In the year two thousand and sixteen, this building was officially declared a cultural monument of the Czech Republic. This means that its importance for our history is recognised at the highest level and that we must protect it for future generations.
It's fascinating how such conflicting worlds meet in one place. On the one hand we see the beauty and precision of the mirror glass production, on the other hand we see the brutality of war and the need for defence. This chimney is living proof of how variable history is. It may be a symbol of growth and wealth, but it can also become a tool in times of greatest danger.
Stop for a moment and feel this room in the open air. Look at the structure of the bricks, look at the line of the chimney against the sky and realize that it was here, in this place in Holýšov, that history took place that shaped our world today. Every detail you see has its origin and meaning.
Thank you for your time and for stopping by this monument. We hope that this view and this information have helped you better understand the importance of this place. We now invite you to further explore the area. Take a walk, feel the atmosphere of this region and continue your journey of discovery. Goodbye.
Tips for visitors
The best time to visit is in the spring and autumn months when nature is full of beauty and light is not very strong. This period offers ideal conditions for the knowledge of historical chimney and monument with peace and quiet.
We recommend using public transport to reach a place; the current connection can be verified in the online search engine.
Bring protection from the sun, such as a hat or a parasol, and a suitable suit. The room can be cold, so you should wear warm clothes. Don't forget to bring water too.
Photography is best in the middle hours of the day when light is not too strong and shadow effects are mild. The most distinctive views of the chimney can be obtained from the sides or distances that enable the overall view.
It is possible to visit the historical glass factory Andreas Ziegler's Sohn. It is an interesting example of architecture from the end of the 19th century and offers insight into the industrial past of the area.
Frequently asked questions
Can the monument be visited?
This is a structure in a public space that can usually be seen from outside free of charge. We have not verified that this particular one is freely accessible.
Where is the monument?
Location: Holýšov. The map on this page shows the exact spot.
Why is the monument protected?
It is listed in the Central List of Cultural Monuments of the Czech Republic as a cultural monument (register no. 1000001307).
Businesses nearby
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Nearby
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Thematic cruise route from Holýšova
1.Komín s ochrannou zdí a památníkem obětem 2. světové války (memorial) Type: historical monument Why is it worth a visit: This chimney is an important place that resembles the tragedy of World War II and serves as a place of respect for the victims of this time. It is a key point for understanding the history of the region.
2. Historical Centre Holýšova Type: local centre Why is it worth a visit: After visiting the monument you will look at the heart of the village, where you will see the traditional architecture and knowledge of local life. It's an ideal place to relax and get more information about history.
3. Local Church Type: religious object Why is worth visiting: Church in Holýšov is an example of local spiritual life and architecture. Its interior offers a quiet environment for meditation and reflection over historical events that shaped the village.
4. Pilgrimage trail around the village Type: walk Why is it worth a visit: A short walk along the pilgrimage path allows you to enjoy the natural beauty surrounding Holýšova. It is an ideal way to bury yourself in a rural environment and relax after visiting historical places.
This route offers you a comprehensive view of the history and nature of the village Holýšov, while focusing on the key sites listed in your request.
Seasonal recommendations
Spring: In spring, the chimney with a protective wall and monument in Holýšov is revived by natural colors of flowering bushes and trees, which gives the place a special atmosphere of restoration. Sun rays penetrate between the leaves, creating attractive lighting for photography and walks. Visitors are advised to wear clothes suitable for changing weather - perhaps bring both a light coat and a warm shirt. The best time to visit is in the morning or evening to make it especially quiet and mild heat.
Summer: The chimney becomes an ideal place for afternoon relaxation under sunny light. The plants bloom in full bloom, adding to the atmosphere colored beauty. Although more visitors can be expected during the summer months, it is proposed to visit in the early afternoon or early evening to avoid strong temperatures. Humidity of the earth and sunny dawn create ideal conditions for a comfortable walk, so it is good to wear UV cream and plenty of drinking.
Autumn: In autumn, the chimney in Holýšov gains a characteristic semi-attenuation when leaves go to live colors from yellow to red. This seasonal change adds melancholy and beauty to a place that can be used for peaceful moments of celebration of nature. Visitors are advised to wear warmer clothes because the climate is rapidly cooling and rainy days can occur. The best time to visit is well before or after August springs, allowing you to enjoy a quiet ambition and the opportunity to see the country in its most beautiful shade.
Winter: The winter chimney is surrounded by silence and snow cover, which gives the place a magical atmosphere. Sun rays reflecting on snow create unique lighting that is ideal for photography and a peaceful visit. Despite the cold, this season may be attractive to those who seek a peaceful refuge in the winter environment. It is recommended to wear warm clothes, protective glasses and maybe even shoes with a helmet on the snow terrain. The best time to visit is at noon, when the sun illuminates the area most and the temperature increases slightly.
Visualizations and artistic views
The visualisations are generated by artificial intelligence and serve as inspiration.
Photos from the area
Real photos taken near the monument
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Sources and literature
Photos: MartinVeselka / CC BY-SA 4.0, rozlišení zvýšeno umělou inteligencí — Wikimedia Commons. The author and licence also appear when you hover over the image.
Faktickým podkladem tohoto textu byl článek na Wikipedii, jehož autory jsou přispěvatelé Wikipedie. Článek je dostupný pod licencí CC BY-SA 4.0.
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