Homolka Housing estate

Homolka is an ancient castle located on the eastern edge of Stehelčevsi in Kladno district. This archaeological monument comes from the middle eneolite, where it was inhabited by the people of native culture, and is significant thanks to its complex building phases and documented settlement.

The fort was inhabited by members of the Jewish culture in central eneneol. The dating of this period allowed ceramic fractions, especially typical jugs with horned handles. Part of the ceramics was also part of the culture of spherical amphor and vuchedolan culture. At the time of the Bronze, there was a single cottage on the hill inhabited by members of an utenistic culture. The estate probably disappeared after the fire that occurred shortly after the construction of the younger fortifications.

The building form of the castle includes a triangular plan on the top platform of 150 × 100 metres. The north and west were protected by steep slopes. Two construction phases were documented in the search for the perimeter fortification. In the first time the fort was surrounded by a palisade whose stakes were embedded within 30 centimeters of the wide base trough. On the south side, where the slope is softer, the fortifications were reinforced by two metres wide moat carved in the rock. There were three entrances to the castle. One gate was on the south side and the other in the northeast corner of the fortifications. Both gates were about 2.5 metres wide and formed by the wings of the palisade drawn in and out of the castle. The entrance to the south gate was also protected by a pre-planted stake barrier. The smaller double goal on the north side allowed the shortest access to the water source.

At a later time there was an extension of the castle and a related strengthening of the fortifications. An external moat was added on the north side. On the south side there was a new wall moved down the slope. Its cores became a wooden wall of pairs of vertical stakes built about 2.5 meters apart, between which horizontal stakes were inserted. There was an aluminium wall spread on both sides of this wall. At the time of the younger settlement, 26 residential buildings concentrated along the wall were identified by archaeological research. There were surface and depth objects with approximately square ground plan, usually having dimensions of not more than 6 metres in length and 3 to 4 metres in width. The only larger cottage had a plan with dimensions of 8 × 5 meters.

The remains of the settlement were discovered in the late nineteenth century. In 1929-1931, archaeological research was conducted by an expedition from Philadelphia University under the direction of V. J. Fewkese. Further research was carried out in 1960-1961 by R. W. Ehrich in cooperation with Emilia Plesla. Since 1967 the castle has been protected as a cultural monument.

The hill is composed of algonkic shale of the blaze confluence and lies in the geomorphological unit Prague plateau, subunit Kladen board and district Hostivická table. The drop above the bottom of the Broodwater stream reaches 20 to 22 meters.

The location is an important point for understanding the development of prehistoric settlements and architecture in this area. Her visit offers insight into people's lives during the period of eneolithic and bronze age.